Unit 4 (Nomenclature and Newman Projections)

This video revisits hydrocarbons, focusing on straight-chain and cyclic hydrocarbons, including alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes. It reviews how to identify these molecules based on their formulas and discusses the distinction between unbranched and branched hydrocarbons. The video also covers the naming conventions for hydrocarbons with increasing numbers of carbons.

This video introduces the naming of branched alkanes using IUPAC rules. It explains how to identify the parent chain, number the carbons to give the lowest possible numbers to substituents, and apply the correct prefixes like "di," "tri," or "tetra" for multiple identical substituents. The video also demonstrates the process with examples of branched alkanes and highlights the importance of following IUPAC conventions.

In this video, we explore common names used in organic chemistry for frequently encountered substituents like ethyl, propyl, and butyl groups. The video introduces various names for isomers of propane, butane, and pentane, such as isopropyl, sec-butyl, and tert-butyl, and explains when and why these common names are used in place of IUPAC names.

This video explains how to name alkyl halides and alcohols according to IUPAC rules. It covers the naming of alkyl halides, where halogens like fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine take priority in numbering the parent chain. For alcohols, it discusses how hydroxyl groups take precedence over other substituents and how the suffix “-ol” is added to the parent chain name.

This video covers the IUPAC rules for naming cycloalkanes, which are cyclic hydrocarbons. It explains how to name simple cycloalkanes like cyclopropane, cyclobutane, and cyclohexane, and how to handle substituents on these rings. The video also discusses how to choose the parent chain when a cycloalkane is attached to a longer carbon chain and provides examples with halogen and alcohol substituents.

This video focuses on the naming of bicyclic cycloalkanes, which are formed by two fused rings. It introduces the concept of bridgeheads and bridges, explains how to number the molecule according to the longest bridges, and walks through a naming example using the IUPAC system. The video also highlights the importance of the correct numbering to give substituents the lowest possible numbers.